International Journal of Sport, Exercise and Health Research 2017; 1(2): 56-60 ; DOI:10.31254/sportmed.1202
Bone age and height prediction of young Brazilian goalkeepers
Sarah Ramos1,2 , Rodrigo Pinheiro1 , Roberto Simão1,2 , Rafael Teixeira1 , Gabriel Costa E Silva1 , Alex Evangelista1 , Carlos Herdy1,2,3
1. Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
2. Federal Universityof Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
3. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 17th March, 2017 / Accepted: 14th July, 2017
Backgroud: Football clubs select young people to begin their training as athletes. At this stage of life (childhood and adolescence) occurs the biological maturational process that can cause influences on the soccer performance of young athletes. In addition to this fact, a specificity of each position within the field is related as anthropometric and physiological characteristics of each individual, where goalkeepers are rarely included. Objectives:The goal of this study was to analyze the relation between the skeletal maturation and the chronological age, besides to find out the power of vertical jump in goalkeepers in different youth age divisions in an elite soccer organization. Methods: 31 young goalkeepers made Counter Movement Jump free arms and were evaluated through the App MY JUMP to generate data about vertical jumping. Bone maturation was estimated through the result obtained in a hand and fist teleradiography exam using the Greulich and Pyle protocol and the predicted height was estimated through the Bone Expert protocol. Statistics: It was used descriptive statistics to analyze the maturation stage. The normality test of the data, it was conducted the Shapiro Wilk test. The two-way ANOVA was used to compare the values of weight (kg), height (cm) predicted height (cm) and the difference between skeletal and chronological age (DIF). Then, the post-hoc test of Bonferroni was made to identify the differences between the age divisions (U-09, U-11, U-13, U-15, U-17 and U-20). The critical level of significance was p <0.05. Results: 83,87% of the sample is in a normal stage of maturation, 16.13% may be considered early in relation to the maturational stage and no subject showed late maturation. For the mass there were significant differences observed (p < 0.001) among all categories. While for the height significant differences were observed (p < 0.001) between [(U-09) vs. (U-11, U-13, U-15, U-17 and U-20)]; [(U -11) vs. (U-13, U-15, U-17 and U-20)]; [(U-13) vs. (U-15, U-17 and U-20)]; [(U-15) vs. (U-17 and U -20)] and between U-17 vs. U-20 there were also significant differences observed (p < 0.01). For the My Jump test, there were significant differences observed (p < 0.001) between [(U-09) vs. (U-11, U-13, U-15, U-17 and U-20)]; [(U-11) vs. (U-13, U-15, U-17 and U-20)]; [(U-13) vs. (U-15, U-17 and U20)]. However, to the predicted height and difference between skeletal age and chronological age, there were no significant differences observed (p > 0.05). Conclusion: These results indicate a positive correlation between the data of bone age and performance aspects such as anaerobic power, so both data are important in the young athlete’s specialization process.
Age Determination by Skeleton, Soccer, Athletes
